Going by the old Julian calendar, December 13 was the darkest night of the year — the eve of the winter solstice. This, however, changed after the calendar reformation in 1753, when the Gregorian calendar was put into use in Sweden, and the winter solstice shifted to December 21. But the folk tradition still stood — the night before the 13th was still popularly known as the darkest night, and therefore also the most dangerous, for the darkness allowed evil entities to thrive longer than any other night. This, in turn, has led to a number of traditions, but the most important aspect has always been the one of light and feasting. To keep the evil away, it was important to stay awake and to stay indoors with lights.
But to be able to stay awake a whole night, one must eat. Tradition decreed that almost all preparations for jól (the midwinter celebration) should also be completed by the 13th, including the slaughter of the festive pig, meaning there was fresh food prepared already and the long night served as a good reason to get an early start on the seasonal feasting. Sometimes, the teenagers and young adults would walk from neighbor to neighbor, singing songs in exchange for food and drink, protected with light. Sometimes they would dress up, and sometimes they would do some pranks to scare people.
Today, the tradition is still standing: to lussa is to dress up as Lucia and walk to neighbors or family members with song and cakes. However, the act of lussa was originally to stay awake during the night between the 12th and 13th and was called Lussevaka (Lusse watch). Lucia can still be equally called Lussefirande (Lusse celebration) today.
But why Lussa? Lussi, otherwise known as Lussekäringen (the Lussi witch) or Lussegubben (Lussi man), was an evil entity. She often took the form of a woman who came riding through the skies with her companions called lussifreda. She was one of the evil spirits who would lurk around in the night and take naughty children away through the chimneys, or punish those who had not completed their jól preparation.
And it is due to this, in the dark of the longest night with a despair for light, with evil all around, that the myth of a female figure of light arose. During the pre-Christian era, the light was sworn to keep evil away. The tradition of a light-bringing woman may therefore have its foundation in a heathen goddess of light who was invoked during this night. The tradition of celebrating light in this manner through Lussevaka has stayed on in different forms ever since.
There is also a theory that Lusse is Freya, hence the traditional bread called “lusse cats” would refer to the cats pulling her wagon.
Lusse bread is baked to honor Sunna (the sun) and attract it back when it was at its darkest, today's lusse cats still have the old Sunna symbols (the spirals at the ends).
In the 19th century, a special interest sparked in the Lusse celebration, due to the first wave of nationalism and the search for old folk traditions all around Sweden. Lusse, which was mainly celebrated by men or women dressing up in white with a crown of flowers, holding candlesticks and walking around the farm with food while singing in the morning, gave the foundation to the modern Lucia.
What’s neat about alchemy is that if you know a little about it, you can immediately apply the knowledge because so many magical, scientific and other disciplines were and still are built on basic alchemical principles. This isn’t about whether or not alchemy is right or wrong, just about its place in the evolution of our thought and art and sciences. You will it everywhere because it’s been around… and knowing how to read its tracks will help you understand a lot of things!
For instance, the shorthand of alchemy is used a lot in many places in magic and history. You can find it in heraldry, where it also bridges into the history of important aristocratic houses, and you will find it in chemistry, where it defines our earliest understandings of the behavior of metals and materials. You will especially find it in descriptions and charts dealing with spirits and magical ingredients, or names and descriptions of magical items.
So, here is a list of seven things you can look for that will give you alchemical knowledge about whatever subject is referencing alchemy. If you’re researching historical subjects, it’s especially useful because the further in the past you go, the more you’ll find people depending on alchemical knowledge, because at one time it was all we had. If you understand the thinking of the writers, you can understand their writing more, and find hidden references. You’ll also be more likely to pick up on the things they forgot to explain because they assumed some knowledge would be common to the everyday reader that no longer is. And you’ll know that if a ritual is supposed to be on a certain day of the week, and it asks for iron tools and red decor, you’ll be doing it on a Tuesday, and you’ll know that because you’ll know how to recognize Mars in a ritual.
I’m going to identify the metal, the day of the week, and the color. I say ‘color of decor’ to mean altar cloths, text color, colors of flowers and gems… etc. I’ve listed the colors I’ve often found “in the wild” in different correspondence charts and magical systems–it’s usually determined by what ink colors the author/culture had at their disposal, so don’t stress yourself out on getting it perfect. Once you have these basic correspondences down, you’ll be able to find many more.
Gold is the metal of the Sun. Sunday is the day that corresponds. The color of decor can vary from yellow to white to gold, depending on the constraints of your palette.
(Since Venus is copper, sometimes your palette’s limits may mean that the Sun is white, Venus is yellow, etc. You’ll find similar behavior with Mercury’s color associations.)
Quicksilver is the metal of Mercury. Wednesday is the day that corresponds. The color of decor can vary–grey or silver or iridescent is typical, with some way that it is contrasted from the Moon.
(By the way, if you need a shortcut for remembering days of the week and which correspond to which metal, just look at them in French! Here’s a table.)
Iron is the metal of Mars. Tuesday is the day that corresponds. (Mardi Gras is always on a Tuesday!) The color of decor will be red. Iron is what makes dyes and paints–and blood–red, in fact.
Silver is the metal of the Moon. Monday is the day that corresponds. The color of decor will be silver or blue, depending on your palette’s constraints, and there’s the option of using white if the Sun isn’t doing that.
Copper is the metal of Venus. Friday is the day that corresponds. The color of decor will be copper or orange–gold/brass will work if it doesn’t conflict with other planets. (This last part only refers to the color brass. If you use the metal brass instead of copper, that can create conflicts, so be aware of that.)
Tin is the metal of Jupiter, so put on your tinfoil hat. Thursday is the day that corresponds. The color of decor will typically be green for Jupiter, which gives you a real break from having to find yet another shade of grey or silver in this system.
Lead is the metal of Saturn. Saturday is the corresponding day. The color of decor should be black or a dark color like purple, just goth it right the heck up.
This is why magicians end up keeping so many correspondence charts–you can find plenty of associations to add with just this basic set of information to start from, I’m sure, and every magician has their set of correspondences they prefer. You’ll find various systems that build on or copy off of this system, or that modify and mutate it. From it, you can also see the structures that make up a base foundation for a creative, scientific and magical system. If you’re interested in rolling your own, then this is a good place to start studying!
Underworld Ariel’s Guide to…
Reading Pendulums
So, pendulums are a form of divination which many seem to shy away from as they cannot make them work. I won’t claim to know exactly what everyone means by that, because I’ve never really had that problem, but pendulums do take some reasoning with.
Pendulums can work through a variety of sources, again, that’s something you’ll need to ask your own pendulum for yourself, but one thing which applies to all pendulums is that they work via energy. Pendulums will use energy, from you and/or deities or spirits or however your pendulum works, and use this to divine answers. That’s an important note because if you don’t know how your pendulum is working, it may not be able to work to it’s full potential!
The first thing you need to establish is how your pendulum says yes and no because no two pendulums are the same. Simply ask! Do so twice over to really get the idea, then ask test questions. Here’s how my session with a new pendulum usually starts:
Which direction is yes
Which direction is no
Just to clarify, please swing yes
And swing no
So is my middle name G* (will swing yes)
And my dad’s name is F* (will swing no)
Am I X (yes question)
And Y (no question)
Doing a little session like this gives you the chance to see how your pendulum swings. If you use pendulum boards, this won’t be as applicable because it’ll respond via a board, but it’s still good to get an idea of how your pendulum moves freestyle.
One thing you’ll notice right off the bat is the change in direction is not abrupt. After asking a question, wait a few seconds, and you may notice your pendulum begins to swing a circle, before settling in a new direction. A circle can be “Maybe” to some pendulums, or “Can’t answer” and so on, but if it doesn’t settle on a circular motion, it is gaining momentum to swing a new direction.
I quickly made these gifs to give everyone an idea of how your pendulum may move. They’re a bit shaky because nothing was supporting my arm in these, haha!
For my pendulum, the gifs left to right show: yes, changing answer, no
(Full video for example)
In some parts of the gifs, you can see my arm shake a bit. Slight tremors and shakes doesn’t mean you can’t use pendulums, we all get them in some form! If your hand jolts, shakes, or moves, simply steady yourself again (re-ask your question) and wait on a clear answer.
Which brings me onto a big point: wait for an answer. Sometimes my pendulum is swinging a 180 degree answer at me, other times it’s practically non-moving, and some times it just means you need to wait for the energy to move it. You can also take the strength of an answer as part of the answer: mild, certain, strong.
And that basically sums up how to read a pendulum! It’s a lot of asking and checking. You can also make pendulum boards for answers which can’t be answered with just yes or no. Such board ideas include:
Number board
Letter board
Astrology wheel
Seasons wheel
Months wheel
Past, present, future triangle
The next thing is why you’re reading a pendulum. What is it you can ask a pendulum? Well, again, some don’t want to answer certain questions. You know when someone says their pendulum doesn’t like test questions? Just like that, some pendulums won’t be happy to answer certain things. Death questions, fatalistic questions, and invasive questions usually fall into that category. But there’s still so much more to ask! Some ideas include:
What species is your X past life
How many past lives have you had
Is Y a good decision
Will Z happen by H
Whatever your question may be, a pendulum can probably answer it in some way shape or form. Which brings me onto another thing: how can you use a pendulum? Plenty of ways! Here’s some methods I often find myself using:
If I think I’ve been lied to or someone is trying to haze me, I grab my pendulum (and perhaps a friend also in that situation with a pendulum), I write out many questions around the topic, and I ask them all. Many will be very similar questions or slightly different wording, so that I can get as close to the truth as possible. This works best with another person also doing so, because when your answers align you know its more valid, and if they don’t, you can work out why. An example of a session may go like this:
Is E hiding something
Has E omitted the truth
Has E told 100% of the truth
Is E telling the truth about B
Is B fully accurate
Is B actually X
Is B actually Y
Is B affected by Z
And so on. Take your situation and tear it into multiple tiny chunks, then ask all your questions. Write down each answer, then once you’re done, you should have a better idea of the full story.
This is just using a pendulum to arrive at a number. I do this in past life readings. First, I intuitively feel a number, or I am told or see a number or an idea. Let’s say it’s how many lives you’ve had. I then do big grouped numbers, e.g. “Has D had more than 50 lives?” no, and from there I go down “40?” no, “30?” no, “20?” yes. Now I know it is over 20 but below 30. Then, try “more than 25?” no. “Has he had 24 lives?” yes. You get the idea. Big to small, finding the number by shortening the ranges as you get better answers.
This one is very fun to do when you want a new and unique way to pull tarot or oracle cards, pick crystals, or almost anything. Let’s say it’s tarot. Lay out as many cards as you please on your surface, hold your pendulum over them, ask your question, and move your hand with its direction. It’s pulling left? Move your hand left. Follow it’s pull until it circles over a card. Simple, that’s the card answering your question! It’s nothing too serious, just like a physical intuition guide for those who may trust their own intuition a little less. I like to use this method when I’m having doubtful days.
There’s plenty of other wonderful ideas on how to use pendulums out there, like drawing out signs or letters, or carrying them into spiritually charged areas to sense spirit energy. However you wish to use your pendulum, however your pendulum works, there’s steps you can take to help center yourself and find answers more accurately or clearly:
Carry your pendulum around or put it under your pillow to help strengthen your connection
Talk to it as you ask your questions, just as you may do a friend
Take mild answers and ask questions which can clarify off of it, until you’re happy you understand the answer
Meditate and ground before a pendulum session
Draw tarot cards alongside each answer for more clarity
Spend time understanding your pendulum by writing about it in your grimoire
Be open because your energy affects your pendulum
Aaaaand that sums up my advice on reading pendulums! Your answers may not always be strong, but as long as you understand how your pendulum is working and what you can ask, your journey with it should be long and thought provoking.
Love, light, and everything bright 🌻
First of all, what is a liminal space? A liminal space refers to a place or time that is in a period of transition between two phases. These are usually places where reality feels altered because you are neither moving forward or backward, like a rest stop. The word liminal originates from the Latin word limens, meaning threshold. These places often give off a sense that time stands still and that you are experiencing some sort of reality shift.
In magic and witchcraft these spaces are considered to be the boundary between our world and the other, it is known as “the in-between”. These places are considered areas of great magic because it is believed this is where the veil is thin. These places are great for divination, spirit work, meditation and astral travel; they are ideal for hedge witchcraft.
Times & Spaces of Liminality:
crossroads manmade or natural
river, creek or lake shores/ beaches
hallway/corridor/stairwells/landings/doorways
graveyards
dawn, dusk, afternoon, midnight
valleys
forest glades
many more!
Samhain/Halloween is considered the best time to communicate with spirits and faeries because of its liminality, it is a time of transition between autumn and winter. Irish folklore tells that this is the day faeries and ghosts come out to play because of the veil thinning. The equinoxes and sabbats like Beltane and Imbolc are also days of liminality because the time of day and night are equal (equinoxes) or it is a transition between seasons.
Mental states of liminality are also times of spirit communication. While being in a meditative state we are in a state of transition between our concious and sub-concious minds, this is where we sometimes experience astral projection or messages from spirits. People often experience spirit while falling asleep because this is another state of liminality.
In my craft I often practice in liminality in order to connect with the faerie realms.
-Moonlight 🌙
once again i am begging you guys: make dandelion jelly this year. it's incredibly delicious.
Ingredients
2 cups dandelion petals, lightly packed
4 cups water
4 cups sugar (2-3 if using low-sugar sure-set pectin)
2 Tbs. lemon juice
1 box powdered pectin
Instructions
Cut the green part of the flower off and place the petals into a quart canning jar. (i have the best success cutting them in half with my thumbnail then slicing just above the seed line)
Pour 4 cups of boiling water over the flower petals. Allow them to cool and then place into the fridge for 24 hours.
Strain the flowers well and squeeze out as much dandelion tea as possible. Using a clean dishcloth is better than a metal strainer.
Place into a large pot 3 1/2 to 4 cups of dandelion tea, lemon juice, and pectin. Bring it to a boil.
Add sugar and return to a boil while stirring. Boil the jelly for 1 to 2 minutes.
Remove from the heat and pour into canning jars. Let the jars cool to room temp then pop them in the fridge to set overnight.
Dandelion jelly lasts 3+ months in the fridge and 6+ months in the freezer though I've unfrozen perfectly fine jelly 9 months later. This isn't a good recipe for shelf-stable, room-temperature preserves, though. Keep the jars cool as much as you can.
Fehu ist die Rune für: Reichtum und Vollendung
Die Rune Fehu verkörpert materiellen Besitz, den man durch Fleiß und Fähigkeiten erworben hat. Sie entspricht dem materiellen Glück, welches ein Gefühl von Wohlstand vermittelt. Es gilt diesen Reichtum sinnvoll einzusetzen und auch an das Wohl anderer zu denken.
ÄLTERES FUTHARK SINNBILD
1. Rune Fehu - Rinder, Vieh
Als Sinnbild stellt die Rune Fehu eine Viehherde dar. Zur damaligen Zeit der Wikinger war der Besitz einer Rinderherde nicht nur persönlicher Reichtum, sondern auch eine grundlegende Nahrungsquelle. Mit ihr konnte die Familie versorgt werden, aber auch Handel betrieben. Somit war das Vieh nicht nur ein Zeichen des sozialen Standes. Es ging auch um das Wohl der Gemeinschaft.
Runen Entsprechung – Schlüsselwörter
Besitz, Geld,
Wertgegenstände,
Reichtum, Erfüllung,
(gute Zeit für Anschaffungen)
Bedeutung Runen Orakel
Fehu entspricht dem monatlichen Verdienst oder dem Besitz, den man sich durch eigene Mühen und Einsatz erworben hat oder daran noch arbeitet. Eine Situation entwickelt sich positiv und wird von Dauer sein, wenn man mit seinen körperlichen, geistigen und finanziellen Ressourcen sorgsam umgeht.
Die negativen Aspekte von Fehu zeigen sich durch Gier und Leichtsinn. Dann können sich Verluste und finanzielle Probleme ankündigen.
Magische Runen Wirkung
Die Rune Fehu zieht die Macht von Sonne, Mond und den Sternen an, stärkt die psychischen Kräfte. Sie fördert die persönliche und gesellschaftliche Weiterentwicklung und vergrößert den finanziellen Reichtum, die Herde oder das Land.
Spirituelle Runen Bedeutung
Die Macht von Fehu kommt direkt aus der Quelle des kosmischen Feuers. Sie symbolisiert die beiden Extreme Erschaffung und Zerstörung, der evolutionären Kräfte.
Fehu beinhaltet bewegliche Macht, was aus der Urbedeutung des Namens hervorgeht, welche Vieh oder Geld ist.
🌱Earth spirits are just about the easiest ones to make contact with. Their forms tend to be less subtle than those of many fairies,and they generally stick to one place- so if you feel a location is haunted by these beings, it will always be haunted. Wherever anything grows, there will be a fairy to attend to it.
🌱 Earth fairies love gardens,and will gather round you while you are planting and watering. At the end of a hot day they exult when you get out the hose or watering can, and will dance among the refreshed flowers with glee. Often they do not like you weeding,though,so make sure you always do this with respect. Leave a patch of your garden to grow wild, for the fairies love this and it creates a space for all the plants that are unwelcome elsewhere- just because humans do not like them, this does not mean they do not have a valuable place in the scheme of things.
To draw close to the gnomes,settle quietly in your garden or in a park,woodland, field, or hillside- close to a barrow-mound may be the most powerful place of all. Gnomes of the deep earth may be experienced in a cave or hollow,whereas others may be more of the flower- or tree-fairy types. Let your bare feet and hands make contact with the earth,mud or stone. Beat a soft rhythm on a drum,if you wish.
Be very still, relaxed,and quiet. Try not to see anything,because that will put you in the wrong frame of mind. Just be there, and be observant- these spirits do not show themselves in the ways you might expect, and seeing them can seem almost ordinary.
Be aware of any little movements out of the corner of your eye, for that is where spirits are often first perceived. An animal running in the undergrowth may also be a shy gnome in disguise. Look out for the face of the Green Man among the leaves, and watch flowers, for they can also be sweet faces, nodding and smiling.
To show they have drawn close to you, gnomes will often give you a tangible gift,such as a coin or a piece of jewelry. If you find this on your path,treasure it, for it is very lucky.